Curves

In Rhino terminology, the word curve includes lines, polylines (a series of straight-line segments joined end to end), arcs, ellipses, circles, or free-form curves that are generally smooth. Polycurves are made up of two or more curves joined end to end.

What does surface modeler mean?

Rhino has tools to create and edit various types of objects, of which surfaces are one. A surface in Rhino refers to an infinitely thin, infinitely flexible, mathematically-defined digital membrane. This is different from a solid modeler that deals with solid objects or a mesh modeler that deals with polygon meshes.

Surfaces are represented on screen by either some outline curves plus some interior curves, called isocurves, or by a shaded picture that makes a surface appear to have some substance and to show light and shading.

Polysurfaces

Rhino also has objects that consist of two or more surfaces joined together. This is possible when the edge of one

surface is located very close to the edge of another surface. We call these joined surfaces polysurfaces. Some

restrictions apply to editing polysurfaces, so Rhino makes it easy to extract the individual surfaces from polysurfaces

and join them back together.

Gumball

To extrude a polyline as a solid, make sure the setting is set to Solid=yes

To Extrude a Polyline -> ExtrudeCrv

keep the 2d drawing in one layer, and select another layer when working in 3D. Make sure deleteimput=No and if you forgot to put solid=yes. Use the "cap" command to close your shape

To Extrude a Polyline -> ExtrudeCrv

Different types of curve extrusion

Extrude curve ->

AlongCurve

Tapered

to point

Type of surface creation, join, and validate

1.PlanarSurf: for flat shapes

2.EdgeSurf: for open curves( meaning not joined curve)

3.for closed curve "patch"

4.Sweep

Create surfaces -> PlanarSurf/EdgeSrf/ Patch/Sweep

offset and offsetsrf

Extend with extrudesurf

FilletEdge

Drawing Curves and Revolve

 Revolve with History

-Select your 2d drawing

-activate "record history"

-Revolve or whatever other 3d command you want(loft, sweep, pipe...)

-Now if you change your control points the 3d shapes will change with it.

be careful, if you change the 3d surface, you can't use the history command anymore, it breaks it

Drawing Curves and Revolve

other ways of creating surfaces

"loft" command

Create surfaces -> Loft

Create surfaces -> NetworkSrf

Scale, scale 1d, scale2d

Working with Cplanes

click on surface

Type CPlane->3points

work on surfaces -> Cplanes

Edit your shapes/surfaces -> PointsOn

Curves with degrees/ straight polylines

Rebuild 2d lines and surfaces

Controlling surfaces through control points

-Hold the Alt key down, and press an Arrow key. The control points move (nudge) a small amount.

-Hold the Alt and the Ctrl key down and press another Arrow key.

The movement is much smaller.

- Hold the Alt and the Shift key down and press another Arrow key.

The movement is magnified.

Select all the points in one row along the top of the surface.

2. On the Transform menu, click Set X, Y, Z coordinates.

3. In the Set Points dialog box, check Set Z, and clear the Set X and Set Y check boxes.

Lasso with Scale 2D to manipulate your shapes

Twist

You can have the copy=yes, to keep your original shape intact

You can twist half your shape only, but make sure infinite=no

you can type in your degree of twist or do it manually

Bend

select the two ends and chose your direction

"pipe" command

Sweep 1

Helix + Spiral + Sweep 1

to slice or cut though your 3d model -> trim & Split

to slice or cut though your 3d model -> Wirecut & Split

ExtractSrf and Text tool

Control points with splitting and trimming using curves

Blendsrf > join your trimmed surfaces

you can use record history for the blend.

Yet, when you join the surfaces, the history record breaks

work on surfaces -> Revolve/ Rail Revolve

work with surfaces -> Rail Revolve

work with surfaces -> Rail Revolve

Pipe+ arraypolar+Booleandifference

Material

flow along surface

flow along surface

flow

Spotlight to add light, center horizontal, spotlight on duck, render

Libraries in command line

add ground material